Ua kom cov pa roj carbon ua haujlwm yog thaj yeeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon uas tau ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj cov khoom siv xws li ntoo, txiv maj phaub lub plhaub Qhov no maximizes thaj chaw thaj chaw muaj rau cov tshuaj muaj kuab paug. Lub tshuab ua kom muaj cov roj carbon ua kom nrov rau nws cov khoom tshaj tawm tshwj xeeb, ua kua rau ntawm ob (cov tshuaj lom neeg), ua rau nws siv dav hauv ntau daim ntaub ntawv.
Adsorption: ib qho tshwm sim saum npoo nyob rau hauv uas cov kuab paug nyob rau sab nraud ntawm cov khoom siv lossis kua ntau dua li cov khoom siv adsorbent.
Kev nqus: Tus txheej txheem uas muaj kuab paug yaj lossis nkag mus rau cov kua lossis khoom siv, ua ib feem ntawm kev nqus.
Lub pore loj thiab faib cov pa roj carbon txawv, ua kom nws adsorb ntau ntau yam ntawm cov lwg me me thiab cov lus. Cov nplaim hluav taws xob ntawm cov carbon ua haujlwm loj dua, feem ntau tshaj ntau pua ntawm ntau pua square metres ib gram. Qhov chaw loj loj no muaj cov chaw loj rau cov molecules los txuas rau saum npoo los ntawm kev kos duab lub cev lossis, qee kis, tshuaj lom neeg).
Kev Nyiam Lub Cev (Kho Mob Mob): Molecules ua raws li cov pa roj carbon kom muaj zog, xws li van der WAsals rog. Qhov no yog kev sib cuam tshuam saum npoo uas feem ntau tsis hloov pauv Molecule cov khoom.
Tshuaj lom neeg attraction (chemisorption): molecules tsim muaj zog tshuaj lom neeg nrog cov carbon acat-air, uas feem ntau hloov molecule cov khoom. Qhov no cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb dua thiab tuaj yeem ua rau ntev-} kav daim ntawv cog lus.
Dab tsi yog ua kom cov pa hluav taws siv rau?
Ua kom muaj cov pa roj carbon ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam ntau yam vim nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo adsorb kuab paug. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau nqus cov impurities, ua nws cov khoom tseem ceeb rau huab cua ua kom huv, dej, thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Cov kev siv ntau yam rau cov pa roj carbon muaj xws li:
Cov pa hluav taws xob thiab cov pa roj hluav taws xob: tshuab pa hluav taws xob siv nyob rau hauv cov pa roj av tsis pom zoo kom tshem tawm cov phom sij, ntxhiab tsw, thiab cov zaub mov tsw qab (vocs). Nws nqus cov pa paug ntawm nws cov nplaim hluav taws xob, pab txhawm rau txhim kho huab cua zoo hauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam ib puag ncig.
Dej huv: Thaum kev kho dej dej, ua haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshem cov chlorine, organic tebchaw, thiab txawm tias cov hlau hnyav. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj kev daws teeb meem rau kev lag luam thiab cov tshuab lim dej hauv tsev. Kev kho mob: Ua kom qhib rau cov roj carbon yog ib qho kev lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm qee yam kev lom lossis kev kho kom lom zem vim tias nws tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.
Kev lag luam thiab dej haus cov khoom lag luam: txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom lag luam zoo, ua kom zoo siv cov khoom noj thiab txhim kho cov zaub mov thiab dej haus.
Muaj cov ntawv thov: activated carbon kuj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov kuab tshuaj rov qab, kub kho, thiab ntau yam kev lag luam kev lag luam.
Dab tsi yog cov siv ntawm cov carbon ua haujlwm?
Ua kom cov pa roj carbonUa si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam ntau yam kev lag luam vim nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo adsorb kuab paug. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau nqus cov impurities, ua nws cov khoom tseem ceeb rau huab cua ua kom huv, dej, thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Feem ntau siv cov pa roj carbon ua haujlwm nrog:
Cov pa hluav taws xob thiab cov pa roj hluav taws xob: tshuab pa hluav taws xob siv nyob rau hauv cov pa roj av tsis pom zoo kom tshem tawm cov phom sij, ntxhiab tsw, thiab cov zaub mov tsw qab (vocs). Nws nqus cov pa paug ntawm nws cov nplaim hluav taws xob, pab txhawm rau txhim kho huab cua zoo hauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam ib puag ncig.
Dej huv: Thaum kev kho dej dej, ua haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshem cov chlorine, organic tebchaw, thiab txawm tias cov hlau hnyav. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj kev daws teeb meem rau kev lag luam thiab cov tshuab lim dej hauv tsev. Kev Kho Mob: Kev ua haujlwm ntsuas hluav taws xob yog qee yam kev lom ntawm qee hom lom lossis tshuaj lom ntau vim tias nws tiv thaiv lawv ntawm lub cev.
Kev lag luam thiab dej haus cov khoom lag luam: txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom lag luam zoo, ua kom lub zog hluav taws xob thiab txhim kho cov khoom noj thiab dej tsw qab.
Muaj cov ntawv thov: Ua kom lub zog hluav taws xob tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov kuab tshuaj rov qab, kub ua kom zoo nkauj, thiab ntau yam kev lag luam kev lag luam.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua haujlwm lim dej?
Cov khoom lim dej ua haujlwm rau cov pa pa pa tawm los ntawm Adsorbing cov pa paug, vocs), tsw dawb huv los ntawm huab cua. Ntawm no yog li cas nws ua haujlwm:
Nqus tau cua tsis huv:
Cov cua muaj cov pa paug, vocs) (vocs), thiab cov ntxhiab yog pub rau hauv cov lim roj carbon ntau. Sab hauv cov pa hluav taws xob system, cov cua ntws los ntawm lub txaj ntawm cov pa roj carbon ua haujlwm. Cov pa roj carbon ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntsej muag, pelletized, lossis lwm hom ntawv. Raws li cov cua tsis huv ntws los ntawm cov hnab pa carbon qhib, cov pa phem tuaj nkag mus rau saum npoo thiab pores ntawm cov carbon activated. Cov pa phem khi rau cov pa roj carbon kom ua kom muaj zog ua kom tiav (tsis muaj zog) lossis tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab (muaj zog).
Huv kom huv si tus me nyuam:
Tom qab dhau mus dhau ntawm cov lim roj carbon ntau, tus nqi ntawm cov pa phem nyob hauv huab cua yog txo. Txawm li cas los xij, sijhawm dhau sijhawm, cov pa roj carbon ua kom muaj kuab lom nrog cov kuab paug uas tsis muaj kuab paug, txo lub lim ua haujlwm. Nyob ntawm cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab cov kuab paug siab, cov lim lim lim roj carbon mononawe kom tau hloov lossis ua haujlwm.
Thaum Twg Siv Cov Lim Tshuab Ua Haujlwm
Qhov no nyob ntawm koj cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Ua kom tau cov lim dej ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo kawg nkaus hauv qee kis, tab sis qee zaum qee cov kev daws teeb meem yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Piv txwv li, tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov lim lim pa hluav taws xob tawm tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ib qho xwm txheej tab sis kev puas tsuaj hauv lwm qhov. Tso cov lim ntim hauv cov txheej txheem cov khoom siv ntau lawm tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj ntau lawm, tab sis lawv cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev haum xeeb yog nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.