Cov dej haus pej xeem siv cov kev kho dej sib txawv los muab cov dej haus nyab xeeb rau lawv cov zej zog. Cov dej hauv pej xeem feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem kho dej uas suav nrog coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, pom, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Kev kho dej
Thaum lub sij hawm kev kho dej, cov dej nyoos (tsis kho) cov dej yog pre-kho los ntawm kev siv tshuaj thiab tom qab ntawd dhau mus rau cov lus qhia kom tshem tawm cov khoom loj thiab cov impurities hauv dej. Cov dej ntshiab ces ntws mus rau hauv cov lim dej kom lim tawm cov khoom sib cais ntau dua. Cov dej lim dej yog tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej muab rau pej xeem. Ib qho me me ntawm cov chlorine residual yog khaws cia hauv dej kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob loj hlob ntawm nws txoj kev mus. Fluoride kuj ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv hniav.
1. Kev kho mob ua ntej
Ntau yam tshuaj yuav muab ntxiv rau hauv cov dej nyoos raws li kev kho ua ntej los pab txhawb cov txheej txheem tom ntej:
- Alum - rau coagulate impurities
- Hydrated txiv qaub - tswj pH
- Polyelectrolyte - los pab txhawb kev coagulation
- Potassium Permanganate KMnO4- kom yooj yim tshem tawm manganese
- Ozone O3- txhawm rau oxidise impurities, tswj algae loj hlob thiab tshem tawm saj thiab tsw
- Powdered activated carbon (PAC) - tshem tawm saj thiab tsw
2. Kev qhia meej
Txhawm rau coagulate cov khoom kom tsim cov flocs loj uas tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Cov technologies ntawm clarification muaj xws li:
- Multi-dawb sedimentation
- Solids contact clarification
- High Rate Lamella Sedimentation
- Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)
Tag nrho cov flocs yog dewatered los tsim cov sludge nrog ntau dua los yog sib npaug li 30% khoom, thiab cov dej rov ua dua.
3. Lim
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kev tshem tawm zoo dua los ntawm "Gravity Filtration" lossis "Biological Filtration".
Biological nitrification txheej txheem siv cov kab mob tshwm sim nitrifying nyob rau hauv cov dej nyoos los hloov ammonia rau hauv nitrate nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo. Cov txheej txheem no tau ua tiav hauv kev siv tshuaj lom neeg hauv kev kho dej.
4. Kev tua kab mob
Cov dej lim dej yog tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj chlorine lossis ozone hauv lub tank sib cuag.
Ozone yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog nrog rau oxidant. Kev siv ozone kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm nws cov teebmeem kev kho mob nrog rau kev tswj saj thiab tsw, oxidation ntawm hlau thiab manganese, thiab txo cov tshuaj chlorine. Ozone tsis tso cov tshuaj tua kab mob seem hauv dej thiab siv cov tshuaj chlorine yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tswj cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov kab ke. Cov txheej txheem kev lim dej hauv qab dej feem ntau yog xav tau rau kev tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon assimilable tsim vim ozonation los tswj cov dej uas muaj roj ntsha ruaj khov.