Polyacrylamide (PAM), -[CH2CH]nCONH2-
Polyacrylamide (abbreviated PAM los yog PAAM), nrog rau cov mis -[CH2CH]nCONH2-, yog ib tug polymer tsim los ntawm cov polymerization ntawm acrylamide monomers. Raws li ib tug lubricant, ncua kev kawm ntawv tus neeg saib xyuas, av nplaum stabilizer, roj hloov chaw, dej poob reducer thiab thickening tus neeg saib xyuas, polyacrylamide tau lug siv nyob rau hauv drilling, acidification, fracturing, dej plugging, cementing, theem nrab thiab tertiary roj rov qab, thiab yog ib tug tseem ceeb heev oilfield. tshuaj.
Polyacrylamides yog cais raws liTsis-ionic (NPAM), cationic (CPAM), anionic (APAM) thiab Amphionic (Amphionic PAM). Cov anionic polyacrylamide feem ntau yog siv los ua cov av hloov kho rau thaj av cog thiab ua tus neeg saib xyuas qhov chaw yaig. Cov tshuaj ionic xws li ntsev ua rau cov polyacrylamide tso nws cov khoom nqus dej.
Cov polyacrylamide yog dej-solution siab polymer nrog zoo flocculanting kev ua si yuav txo tau cov kev sib txhuam resistanca ntawm cov kua.
1.Flocculation: PAM tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom raug tshem tawm los ntawm hluav taws xob nruab nrab, ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm flocculation.
2.Adhesiveness: Cov impurities tuaj yeem ua ke ua ke kom ua rau hauv qab.
3.Thickening Agent: Nyob rau hauv neutralizing acidic tej yam kev mob muaj thickening nyhuv, yog hais tias tus nqi PH yog ntau tshaj 10 PAM yooj yim hydrolysis.
Anion Polyacrylamide (APAM)yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv dej-soluble polymers. Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) muaj xws li: ultra siab molecular hnyav (tshaj 25 lab), siab molecular hnyav (txog 20 lab), nruab nrab molecular hnyav (kwv yees li 16 lab), Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ntau tshaj 89%.
Nonionic Polyacrylamide (NPAM) suav nrog: qhov nruab nrab molecular hnyav (tshaj 15 lab), qhov hnyav molecular (txog 8 lab), cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ntau tshaj 89%.
Cation Polyacrylamide (CPAM)yog ib hom polyacrylamide uas muaj cov pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm zoo, xws li amino lossis quaternary ammonium, uas ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev khi nrog cov khoom tsis zoo, xws li av nplaum, silt, thiab cov organic teeb meem hauv dej.
Amphoteric polyacrylamide (ACPAM), vim nws cov molecular suav nrog cationic thiab anionic pawg, nthuav tawm cov kev ua tau zoo tshaj ntxiv rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cationic flocculants. Hom flocculant no tuaj yeem siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm pH qhov tseem ceeb, muaj peev xwm pom ntau dua thiab qis dua cov khoom qab zib noo noo. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau cov kua qaub leaching ntawm ores los yog kom rov qab tau cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov kua qaub catalysts uas muaj hlau.
| Khoom npe | Molecular Luj |
kho siab |
Cov ntsiab lus ruaj khov | Residual monomer% | Qhov tshwm sim | ||
| APAM |
|
10-50% |
|
0.05-0.15 | Dawb hmoov | ||
| CPAM | 800-1200Million | 20-55% |
|
0.05 | Dawb hmoov | ||
| NPAM | 200-600Million | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug 3 |
|
0.05 | Dawb hmoov |
Kev sim Flocculation:
Raws li cov khoom ntawm kev tshem tawm cov teeb meem, concentration thiab flocculation kev ua tau zoo ntawm polyacrylamide, nag lossis daus tuaj yeem muab faib ua: ntuj nag lossis daus, flocculation nag lossis daus hauv cheeb tsam. Qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom raug tshem tawm hauv cheeb tsam nag lossis daus yog siab dua (ntau dua 5000mg / L), thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov khoom raug cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm cov khoom nyob ib puag ncig, thiab cov txheeb ze ntawm cov khoom tsis hloov pauv, ua rau tag nrho cov dab dej, thiab muaj qhov tseeb. av nkos-dej interface ntawm lawv thiab cov dej ntshiab. Regional sedimentation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si theem nrab sedimentation tank thiab sludge thickening tank.
Daim ntawv thov:
Polyacrylamide ua haujlwm li cas hauv Oil Field?
Polyacrylamide (PAM)yog ib qho khoom siv dej-soluble polymer uas muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam roj thiab roj. Hauv cov roj av, PAM yog siv los ua cov kua dej ntxiv, kev hloov kho viscosity, kev sib txhuam reducer, thiab flocculant.
Drilling kua additive:PAM yog ntxiv rau cov kua dej drilling kom cov viscosity thiab stability ntawm cov dej drilling. Nws pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob poob ntawm cov dej drilling rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntxeem tau thiab tseem pab nqa cov txiav mus rau saum npoo.
Viscosity modifier:PAM tuaj yeem hloov kho cov viscosity ntawm cov roj thiab cov kua dej ua kua. Thaum ntxiv rau cov kua roj, nws tuaj yeem ua kom cov viscosity thiab muab lubricity zoo dua. Thaum ntxiv rau cov kua dej, nws tuaj yeem txo cov viscosity thiab txhim kho cov kua dej ntws.
Kev sib txhuam reducer:PAM tuaj yeem txo qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm cov dej drilling thiab cov phab ntsa borehole. Qhov no yuav pab txo qis lub siab uas yuav tsum tau ua kom cov dej ntws tawm, uas tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag ntawm cov khoom siv drilling.
Flocculant:PAM kuj tseem siv los ua flocculant hauv cov roj av. Nws pab cais cov khib nyiab los ntawm cov kua thiab tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm cov khib nyiab los ntawm cov dej tsim. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig ntawm kev tsim roj thiab ua kom cov dej tsim tau zoo rau kev rov siv dua.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, PAM muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv cov roj av thiab tuaj yeem pab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab ib puag ncig kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov roj thiab roj ntau lawm.
